Salvage Logging: Destructive AND Expensive

Jeff Alworth

Yesterday, the nonpartisan Government Accountability Office (GAO) released an economic report about the Biscuit Fire Recovery Project in the Rogue-Siskyou National Forest. The finding?  According to OPB, not so good:

The Siskiyou National Forest's recovery plan estimated that it would make money off salvage timber sales and use it to restore much of the half-million acres that burned. Foresters intended to plant 30,000 acres of trees. But only about 3% of that target has been met so far. And less than 20% of trees in the recovery plan have actually been logged.

Among the central arguments for salvage logging was that it would create jobs in rural Oregon.  And although the GAO says it's premature to assess how many jobs have been created,

given that the volume of timber sold through December 2005 is substantially less than the volume of sales assumed in the EIS for the selected alternative, we would expect the actual economic results [including jobs] of the sales to be less than the EIS estimate, all else being equal.

You'll recall that proponents of salvage logging--including President Bush--called it "common sense" that logging and replanting after a fire would speed forest healing.  But this also appears to be untrue, as an OSU study published in the journal Science argued. 

Logging after the Biscuit fire ... has harmed forest recovery and increased fire risk....  The study is consistent with research findings from around the world that have documented how salvage logging can strip burned forests of the biological diversity that fire and natural recovery help protect.

Finally, removing the last arrow from the salvage-defenders' quiver, the GAO report also discounts the effect of environmental lawsuits in slowing down the recovery:

Contrary to claims of Forest Service officials, the GAO report said a score of lawsuits from environmentalists had not delayed the project. It said the delay was caused by other factors including the complexity of environmental laws and staff cuts in the Siskiyou National Forest.

So salvage logging fails to deliver the promised economic goods and slows post-burn recovery.  Is there any reason to continue this failed experiment?

  • Sandra (unverified)
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    No, absolutely not. Thanks for posting on this topic, Jeff. I feel like this issue highlights the way well-meaning citizens can be misled by ideas that come off as "common sense" when in fact they cause a lot of destruction. Seems rather than making it an issue of jobs vs. trees we should reframe it around good science/methodology in sustainability vs. short-sighted profit-driven projects.

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    Or in this case good science/methodology in sustainability vs. short-sighted profit-losing projects.

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    All the timber industry arguments in favor of "salvage" logging have always been wrong and misleading.

    The only way salvage logging would make anyone any money would be if they went in there right away after the fire, built new taxpayer subsidized roads into previously roadless areas, and clear cut everything in sight. Trying to do any kind of remotely sustainable or legal salvage logging is just a contradiction in terms and inherently not cost effective for the government.

    The whole argument that building new roads into roadless areas and logging off all the burned trees, while tearing up the topsoil as well as any living trees and bushes that made it through the fire, is somehow good for the forest just doesn't make any common sense.

    It might make economic sense if you were talking about a monocropped, industrial tree farm. But we're not, we are talking about a forest, which has many different native tree species, a wide variety of wildlife both game and non game, and which is public property and supposed to be managed for multiple use, not just timber production.

    We don't need to convert our old growth forests into monocropped douglas fir plantations. We have plenty of roads, more than we can afford to maintain.

    Just about all the job losses in the timber industry over the past 20-30 years have been because of technological advances in the industry, from new more efficient and computer controlled mills to better machinery to do the actual logging. It doesn't really have anything to do with environmental laws or spotted owls. It has to do with robots and computers.

    The timber industry has done a great job convincing everyone, including a lot of Democrats and environmentalists, that the job losses in the timber industry have been because of environmental laws when in fact they were virtually all because of computers and robots.

  • engineer (unverified)
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    I find it interesting that those that are opposed to salvage logging all of sudden embrace the notion that government activity should result in profit for the government, or at least cover its costs. I didnt realize we had such strong free-market advocates on this website. Following this logic, one would have to require that all recreationists on federal land pay the true cost of government provided recreation opportunities, that all freeways should become toll roads, that airline passengers pay the real cost of government subsidized airports and air traffic controllers, etc, etc, etc.

  • Righty (unverified)
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    You say "Finally, removing the last arrow from the salvage-defenders' quiver, the GAO report also discounts the effect of environmental lawsuits in slowing down the recovery."

    I don't really see your point here.

    Would you feel better if we said that the effect of complex of environmental laws, government red tape, and inability to get timely assistance from the feds has made salvage logging unprofitable?

    It seems that you have replaced on arrow with three. And the one that you replaced is still there. The reality is, the threat of litigation is just as effective as actual litigation.

    I also not the leftist disgust for common sense. IMHO, the lefty will listen and follow insane dribble coming from a self-proclaimed expert, but will disregard something reasonable said by another with the wrong degrees.

  • Clack (unverified)
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    Government red tape? You mean the Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act, and National Environmental Policy Act? Yeah, do away with those and things sure would be a lot simpler.

    Since when is the Government Accountability Office the source of "dribble coming from a self-proclaimed expert"? Or is that what we call it when independent economists with the GAO say logging interests are making their money from these sales by farming United States taxpayers?

  • Tamara Stoflet (unverified)
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    No matter what ppl think, the govt will allow salvage logging to go on anywhere they want, its always been that way.

  • engineer (unverified)
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    Would everyone feel better if the GAO issued a report saying that salvage logging the Biscuit made the government money? I sincerely doubt it. I suspect the spin if that were to occur would be that the govt is making money at the expense of the environment. It's a damned if you do, damned if you dont situation for the USFS. The ugly reality is that as long as a tree is cut on federal land a vocal minority of people will have a knee-jerk reaction against it.

  • Harry (unverified)
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    I dunno about the profit motive and all that other stuff, as I can see both sides of that one...ie you want it to be profitable, and then again you don't want it to be profitable.

    I went up to Mt St Helens last year, first since the blast. One can clearly see the benefits of going into an area after a natural disaster. When the volcano blew, tens of thousands of acres of trees were blown down, both on private (Weyerhauser) and public lands. 26 years later, it is very interesting to see the results of man's (ok..and women's) intervention vs leaving it to only Mother (Father?) Nature to restore the forests. The replanted private forests looked much healthier, and had more robust wildlife than the desolute public lands that were left intact. But maybe the public lands will catch up in another 50-75 more years. It is an interesting experiment, since you can see, side by side, the results of either strategy.

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    Would everyone feel better if the GAO issued a report saying that salvage logging the Biscuit made the government money?

    No, the point is that the proponents of salvage logging made two points: that it would make forests healthy (thus the somewhat cynical name of the legislations--"healthy forests") and create jobs and serve as an economic boon. I'm a liberal, and I have all kinds of programs I'd love to spend taxpayers' money on; I think, in the aggregate, they'd add to the wealth and wellbeing of the majority of citizens. But why would I want to spend money on a program with no obvious benefits? If you wish to defend the legislation, tell me what's good about it.

  • Victoria Taft (unverified)
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    Perhaps it would be more cost effective if the wood could be harvested quickly. You can look that up at duh.com. You should thank environmental lawyers and their enviro clients paying their fees who are responsible for stretching this out over a long period of time making it less cost effective to harvest what timber was left. That you're doing a victory lap over this is predictable. And pathetic. But the rest of us 'get' what happened here.

  • tom civiletti (unverified)
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    Reasons for salvage logging:

    • Payoff campaign contributors.

    • Build roads which reduce future protection against more logging.

    • Turn that damn forest into a proper tree farm.

  • Mister Tee (unverified)
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    What about the economic value of all the wood harvested? Looking at exclusively at the "government's profit" ignores the other side of the ledger.

    Lots of people are paid "family wages" to harvest the timber, transport it to the mills, cut it down to lumber, haul it to the lumber store, transport it to a job site, and build houses with it. Those are real Oregonians who had the benefit of income and the self-esteem that comes from working, rather than living on welfare. And don't forget the government had the pleasure of taxing all those wages, and the profit of the trucking companies, sawmills, lumber stores, and home builders. Not to mention all the new property taxes that those new homes will pay for the next 100 years (or longer).

    Liberals still like to live in houses, right? The price of housing would double if you let the Sierra Club veto every timber sale.

    Looking exclusively at the "government's profit" is like counting the fees the Patent Office takes in, without looking at the many layers of follow on wealth creation generated by the patented products.

  • Karl Smiley (unverified)
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    The last I heard, ninety to ninety-five percent of our forests are tree farms, managed for short term(in the big view) economic gain. Don't you think it would be wise to leave the rest to be managed by God or evolution for the long term benefit of life?

  • Mister Tee (unverified)
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    Remember you're talking about a forest that was decimated by fire. If you left it to nature, it would take a hundred years to even begin looking like a forest again.

    Seedlings planted my man should accelerate that process by decades. We're not taking God (or mother nature) out of the equation, we're just using the natural resource that they provided and helping them regenerate at the same time.

    Also: I forgot to mention the thousands of billable hours that the attorneys were able to earn thanks to all the enviro-whackos.

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    That you're doing a victory lap over this is predictable. And pathetic. But the rest of us 'get' what happened here.

    All I did was report the findings of researchers at OSU and a nonpartisan GAO report. You allude darkly to some vast, left-wing conspiracy perpetrated by liberals who haven't been in office in over a decade. Aside from the unexceptional ad hominem attacks, care to back up your allusions with anything bordering on fact?

  • tom civiletti (unverified)
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    Good expression of the misthinking around forest issues, Mister Tee!

    • Yes, of course we need 2x4s. Some of that can come from publicly owned forests, when the logging meets the requirements of fulfilling the public need. It has been shown that logging a burn SLOWS forest recovery [google "oregon state" and donato]. It has been shown that the taxpayer is paying to support this logging, instead of benefitting from it. Our protected roadless areas are being eroded. Biscuit is NOT the place we should be generating jobs and 2x4s.

    • The lumber industry and their academic toadies have tried to paint burned forests as wholly charred wastelands [read more of those google results]. Honest scientists have shown that this is far from reality. Much life remains. Trees sprout from seeds, stumps, and roots to rebuild a proper forest MORE quickly than human intervention can.

  • Clack (unverified)
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    Remember you're talking about a forest that was decimated by fire. If you left it to nature, it would take a hundred years to even begin looking like a forest again.

    You might want to visit Yellowstone National Park. After the fires, the logging industry (and many Republican politicians) were running around screaming "the park is RUINED!" Go there now and listen to the National Park Service biologists explain why the fire was the best thing to happen to the ecology of the region since humans began managing it.

    Forests in the west evolved with fire. If they are given a chance, they will recover quite nicely on their own without the assistance of chainsaws, bulldozers, and log trucks.

    <h2>What you or I or Greg Walden think a forest should look like is irrelevant. On federal land, where the overall health of the environment should be the #1 concern, what matters is how it looks to a salmon, an elk, or a wolverine. A tree plantation of nothing but douglas firs planted in neat rows may be aesthetically pleasing, but it is not biologically so.</h2>

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